What is SHA3-256 (FIPS 202)?
SHA3-256 (FIPS 202) (Secure Hash Algorithm 256-bit) is a cryptographic hash function that produces a 256-bit (32-byte) hash value, typically rendered as a 64-character hexadecimal number. It is part of the SHA-3 family of hash functions standardized by NIST (FIPS 202).
Key characteristics:
- Deterministic: The same input always produces the same hash
- Fast computation: Quick to compute for any given input
- Avalanche effect: Small changes in input produce drastically different outputs
- Irreversible: Computationally infeasible to reverse the hash to find the original input
- Collision resistant: Very difficult to find two different inputs that produce the same hash
Common uses:
- Digital signatures and certificates
- Blockchain and cryptocurrency (some systems use SHA3-256 (FIPS 202))
- Password storage (with proper salting)
- File integrity verification
- Proof of work algorithms